X-Message-Number: 14918 From: Date: Tue, 14 Nov 2000 17:26:40 EST Subject: large molecules into cell compartments >Yes, I agree. The solution to large molecule problem is known now for a long time. The diphteric toxin is a two component system, there is a large protein toxin and a penetrator, able to carry the toxin element inside the cell. The toxin can be removed so there is only the carrier molecule. It can then pick up any other large molecule we want to put inside a cell. There is no more toxicity and even very big proteins can be injected into cells. >Yvan Bozzonetti. This is correct, but to get anti-freezing proteins into cellular organelles requires that they have the correct sequences on their N-terminal ends; the sequences for most organelles are known. Presumably antifreeze is necessary in the mitochondria, lysosomes, etc., so several different antifreeze proteins must be synthesized. No real problem, just a slight increase in complexity. --Bill Walker Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=14918