X-Message-Number: 21433
Date: Thu, 20 Mar 2003 09:08:27 -0700
Subject: Re: Some SARS numbers
From:  (Tim Freeman)

Message #21432
From: Charles Platt <>

>...I will be tracking the
>number of announced cases during the next week or two in an effort to
>determine whether SARS is still in the exponential growth phase.

Good idea.  Here are some numbers to start with:

Mar 17, 2003 -- 167 cases per http://www.who.int/csr/table/en/index.html
Mar 18, 2003 -- 219 cases per http://www.who.int/csr/sars/tablemarch18/en/
Mar 19, 2003 -- 264 cases per http://www.who.int/csr/don/2003_03_19/en/
Mar 20, 2003 -- 306 cases per http://www.who.int/csr/sarscountry/2003_03_20/en/

This is in exceess of 10% per day, which is pretty scary.  However, at
this point there's a lot of variance in what gets counted as SARS from
one day to the next.  The numbers are hard to interpret now, but after
a few weeks this variance is unlikely to obscure exponential growth.

>Based on very fragmentary evidence, some from CDC, some from WHO, and some
>from an ICU doctor in the Price of Wales hospital in Hong Kong, I will
>assume tentatively that the average incubation period for SARS is about 5
>days, and the average patient infects three new patients. In the US,
>assuming we have 10 patients currently, the initial exponential growth
>looks like this, assuming that a new patient does not become contagious
>until the end of the 5-day incubation period (which may not in fact be
>true):
>
>5 days       30 patients
>10 days      90 patients
>15 days     270 patients
>20 days     800 approx patients
>25 days    2400 approx patients
>30 days    7200 approx patients
>35 days   21600 approx patients
>40 days   65000 approx patients
>45 days  200000 approx patients

According to 


   
   http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/20/international/asia/20CHIN.html?ex=1048741200&en=4813ab03a64e7ed7&ei=5062&partner=GOOGLE
   
the Chinese apparently had their first case in November, 2002, if
you're willing to believe that that's the same virus as SARS.  That's
100 days, or 20 incubation periods by your model.  Assuming they
started with one case, by the simple model above that would be
3,486,784,401 cases by now, which can't possibly be true.  Guangdong
has 86 million people, according to:

   http://www.unescap.org/pop/database/chinadata/guangdong.htm

We can repair the model in several possible ways:

1. Change the infectivity.  Suppose Guangdong has 10000 secret cases
   now since the public cases are 306 and it's hard to keep a huge
   contagious disesase secret or contained.  The 20th root of 10000 is
   about 1.6, so if these assumptions are true each infected person
   produces 1.6 additional cases per incubation period.  
2. Maybe it is already past its exponential phase in Guangdong.
3. Maybe SARS is a different virus from what was observed in
   November in Guangdong.

Hmm.  The Chinese came close to successfully containing the infection
in Guangdong, if it's the same infection.  I hope they're eventually
willing to tell people what they did.
-- 
Tim Freeman                                                  
Which is worse: ignorance or apathy? Who knows? Who cares?
GPG public key fingerprint ECDF 46F8 3B80 BB9E 575D  7180 76DF FE00 34B1 5C78 

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