X-Message-Number: 9524
Date: Sun, 19 Apr 1998 23:16:55 -0700 (PDT)
From: Doug Skrecky <>
Subject: freezing of rabbit and rat brain

Authors
  Roos MW.  Johansson A.  Sperber GO.
Institution
  Department of Physiology and Medical Biophysics, Uppsala University, Uppsala,
  Sweden.
Title
  In situ freezing of the rabbit and rat brain.
Source
  Cryobiology.  35(2):187-91, 1997 Sep.
Abstract
  We have measured the effectiveness of different standard cryogenic liquids
  (liquid nitrogen, chilled isopentane, chilled hexane, and chilled ethanol)
  and applied a mathematical model for calculating the temperature changes at
  different depths in rabbit and rat heads cooled in liquid nitrogen. We have
  also evaluated the extent to which the freezing time is shortened when the
  skin is removed prior to immersion. We conclude that: (i) of the coolants
  used, liquid nitrogen gives the most rapid freezing. (ii) dry ice-chilled
  ethanol is as effective as dry ice-chilled hexane. Liquid nitrogen and
  ethanol are safer for the environment than isopentane and hexane and should
  satisfy most needs. (iii) By removing the skin prior to immersion, the
  freezing time can be reduced by about 20 s for the rabbit cortex and rat
  hypothalamus, 30 s for the rat cortex, and 40 s for the rabbit hypothalamus.
  Copyright 1997 Academic Press.

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